Chevrolet Sonic Repair Manual: Caster Description
Caster is the tilting of the uppermost point of the steering axis either forward or backward, when viewed from the side of the vehicle. A backward tilt is positive (+) and a forward tilt is negative (−). Caster influences directional control of the steering but does not affect the tire wear . Caster is affected by the vehicle height, therefore it is important to keep the body at its designed height. Overloading the vehicle or a weak or sagging rear spring will affect caster. When the rear of the vehicle is lower than its designated trim height, the front suspension moves to a more positive caster. If the rear of the vehicle is higher than its designated trim height, the front suspension moves to a less positive caster.
With too little positive caster, steering may be touchy at high speed and wheel returnability may be diminished when coming out of a turn. If one wheel has more positive caster than the other, that wheel will pull toward the center of the vehicle. This condition will cause the vehicle to pull or lead to the side with the least amount of positive caster.
Cross Caster is the difference between the left caster value and the right caster value.
Cross caster = L caster − R caster
Camber Description
Camber is the tilting of the wheels from the vertical when viewed from the front
of the vehicle. When the wheels tilt outward at the top, the camber is positive (+).
When the wheel tilts ...
Fastener Tightening Specifications - Wheels
Fastener Tightening Specifications
Application
Specification
Metric
English
Clamp Fit TPM Stem Lock ...
Other materials:
Front Floor Console Cup Holder Replacement
Front Floor Console Cup Holder Replacement
Callout
Component Name
Preliminary Procedure
Remove the front floor console assembly. Refer to Front Floor Console
Replacement.
1
Front Floor Console C ...
Water Pump Pulley Removal
Loosen the 3 water pump pulley bolts (2) while holding up the water pump
pulley hub with a wrench.
Remove the 3 water pump pulley bolts (2).
Remove the water pump pulley (1).
...
Cylinder Head Installation
Special Tools
EN-45059 Torque Angle Sensor Kit
For equivalent regional tools, refer to Special Tools.
Clean the sealing surfaces.
Inspect for plane surface.
Cylinder block, cylinder head
Straight-edge, feeler gauge
Install the cylinder head gasket.
Install the cylinder head. ...
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